Hong Kong

Hong Kong ni akarere kihariye k’ubutegetsi bwa Hong Kong muri Repubulika y’Ubushinwa, ni agace kigenga mu burasirazuba bw’uruzi rwa Pearl muri Aziya y’iburasirazuba. Azwiho ikirwa kiri mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, hafi ya Tayiwani. Nubutaka bwigenga, kandi bwahoze bukolonizwa n’abongereza, mu majyepfo y’Ubushinwa.

Ubuso bungana na km2 2,755 kandi busangiye umupaka wamajyaruguru nintara ya Guangdong yo mubushinwa.

Abaturage

Hamwe na miliyoni zirenga 7.4 Hongkongers zo mubihugu bitandukanye. Hong Kong n'akarere ka kane gatuwe cyane ku isi.

Ururimi

Indimi ebyiri zemewe za Hong Kong ni Igishinwa n'Icyongereza. Igishinwa, Igishinwa gitandukanye gikomoka mu ntara ya Guangdong mu majyaruguru ya Hong Kong, kivugwa na rubanda nyamwinshi. Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyabaturage (53.2%) bavuga icyongereza, nubwo 4.3% bonyine babikoresha kavukire naho 48.9% nkururimi rwa kabiri

Hong Kong nububasha buhamye kandi buzwi neza.

Hong Kong yagumye kugenzurwa n’abongereza kugeza mu 1997, igihe yasubizwaga mu Bushinwa. Nka karere kihariye k'ubuyobozi, Hong Kong ikomeza gahunda ya politiki n'ubukungu bitandukanye n'Ubushinwa.

Hong Kong n'akarere kihariye k'ubuyobozi bw'Ubushinwa kandi kagumana inteko ishinga amategeko, ubuyobozi, n'ubutabera bitandukanye n'ibindi bihugu. Ifite guverinoma y’abadepite iyobowe n’abayobozi bigana gahunda ya Westminster, yarazwe n’ubuyobozi bw’abakoloni b'Abongereza. Amategeko shingiro ya Hong Kong ni inyandiko y’itegeko nshinga mu karere, ishyiraho imiterere n’inshingano za guverinoma

Nk’ububasha rusange bw’amategeko, inkiko za Hong Kong zishobora kwifashisha urugero rwashyizweho n’amategeko y’Ubwongereza n’imyanzuro y’ubucamanza ya Commonwealth.

Kurangwa n’ubucuruzi bwisanzuye n’imisoro mike, ubukungu bwa serivisi bwa Hong Kong bufatwa nka imwe muri politiki y’ubukungu ya laissez-faire ku isi. Yiswe ubukungu bw’isoko ryisanzuye n’urutonde rw’umurage ndangamurage w’ubwisanzure mu bukungu.

Hong Kong, yashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ubukungu bwisanzuye ku isi mu myaka icumi ishize, ni ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi mu karere muri Aziya. Hong Kong ifite ubukungu bw’imari ivanze n’ubukungu, burangwa n’imisoro mike, kwivanga kwa guverinoma ntoya, n’isoko mpuzamahanga ry’imari ryashyizweho.

Kuba Hong Kong yegereye Ubushinwa, ibisa nayo mu bijyanye n'umuco, imigenzo mbonezamubano n'indimi, ndetse n'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, byatumye iba ishingiro ryiza ku bashoramari b'abanyamahanga binjira ku isoko ry'Ubushinwa. Ibi biranga kandi bifasha abashoramari bo mugihugu gushora imari mumasoko yakarere ndetse nisi yose. Hong Kong ikomeje kuba iya kabiri muri Aziya nini ku mwanya wa gatatu ku isi mu bihugu by’ishoramari ritaziguye.

Ifaranga:

Amadolari ya Hong Kong (HK $) cyangwa (HKD), yashyizwe ku mugaragaro ku madorari y'Abanyamerika.

Igenzura ry'ivunjisha:

nta kugenzura amadovize.

Inganda zitanga serivisi z’imari:

Hong Kong ni kimwe mu bigo by’imari bikomeye ku isi, bifite amanota menshi y’iterambere ry’imari kandi bigahora biza ku mwanya w’ubukungu bwarushanwe kandi bwisanzuye ku isi. Nk’ubucuruzi bwa karindwi ku isi mu bucuruzi, isoko ryemewe n'amategeko, amadolari ya Hong Kong, n’ifaranga rya 13 ryacurujwe cyane.

Hong Kong kandi ni kimwe mu bigo binini by’amabanki ku isi bifite umutungo ukomeye wo hanze ufitwe na banki n’ibigo bifata inguzanyo.

Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Banki y'Isi ku bucuruzi, Hong Kong iri ku mwanya wa kabiri mu bijyanye no koroshya gukora ubucuruzi ku isi. Itanga inyungu nyinshi zo guhatanira kuba ihuriro ryabashoramari gukora ubucuruzi bwabo.

Kwiyandikisha kw'isosiyete ya Hong Kong nubuyobozi buyobora kandi amasosiyete agengwa n’itegeko ry’amasosiyete ya Hong Kong 1984.

Ibigo byose byubahiriza amategeko agezweho ya offshore na sisitemu yamategeko Amategeko rusange ashingiye kumategeko rusange yicyongereza.

Ubwoko bwa Sosiyete / Isosiyete:

One IBC itanga Incorporation muri Serivisi za Hong Kong hamwe nubwoko busanzwe busanzwe ni buke kandi bugarukira rusange.

Kubuza ubucuruzi:

Isosiyete ya Hong Kong ntishobora gukora ubucuruzi bwibikorwa byamabanki cyangwa ubwishingizi cyangwa gusaba amafaranga cyangwa kugurisha imigabane yayo kubaturage.

Kubuza Izina Isosiyete:

Ntabwo bishoboka kubika izina rya sosiyete ya Hong Kong Limited. Ni ngombwa kugenzura ko nta zina risa cyangwa risa kuri rejisitiri, byabuza isosiyete gushingwa. Izina rya sosiyete ya Hong Kong rigomba kurangirana na “Limited”.

Dukurikije itegeko ryamasosiyete, isosiyete ntishobora kwandikwa mwizina:

• Bikaba ari kimwe n'izina rigaragara mu gitabo cya Gerefiye cy'amazina y'isosiyete;
• Bikaba bisa nkibya societe yumuryango yashizwemo cyangwa yashizweho hakurikijwe Itegeko;
• Imikoreshereze y’isosiyete, ku gitekerezo cy’Umuyobozi mukuru, yaba icyaha cy’icyaha; cyangwa birababaje cyangwa binyuranye ninyungu rusange;
• Cyangwa izina iryo ariryo ryose rishobora gutanga igitekerezo cyuko isosiyete ihujwe muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose na guverinoma nkuru y’abaturage cyangwa guverinoma ya HKSAR cyangwa ishami iryo ari ryo ryose rya guverinoma, bityo hashyirwaho ibihano ku magambo nka, “Ishami”, “ Guverinoma ”,“ Komisiyo ”,“ Biro ”,“ Federasiyo ”,“ Inama ”, na“ Ubuyobozi ”.

Soma birambuye: Izina rya sosiyete ya Hong Kong

Amasosiyete yerekeye ubuzima bwite:

Iyo umaze kwiyandikisha, amazina y'abayobozi b'ikigo azagaragara mu gitabo rusange, ariko, serivisi z'abatoranijwe zirahari.

• Intambwe ya 1: Hitamo ibyibanze byumuturage / Uwashinze amakuru yubwenegihugu nizindi serivisi zinyongera ushaka (niba zihari).
• Intambwe ya 2: Iyandikishe cyangwa winjire hanyuma wuzuze amazina yisosiyete numuyobozi / umunyamigabane (s) hanyuma wuzuze aderesi yishyuza nibisabwa bidasanzwe (niba bihari).
• Intambwe ya 3: Hitamo uburyo bwo kwishyura (Twemeye kwishura ukoresheje Ikarita y'inguzanyo, Ikarita yo kwishyura, PayPal cyangwa Transfer).
• Intambwe ya 4: Uzakira kopi yoroshye yinyandiko zikenewe zirimo: Icyemezo cyumushinga, Kwiyandikisha mubucuruzi, Memorandum ningingo zishyirahamwe, nibindi. Noneho, isosiyete yawe nshya muri Hong Kong yiteguye gukora ubucuruzi. Urashobora kuzana ibyangombwa mubikoresho bya sosiyete kugirango ufungure konti ya banki cyangwa turashobora kugufasha hamwe nuburambe burambuye bwa serivisi ishigikira amabanki.

Soma birambuye: Igiciro cya sosiyete ya Hong Kong

• Passeport ya buri munyamigabane / nyiri inyungu numuyobozi;
• Icyemezo cya aderesi ya buri muyobozi naba banyamigabane (Ugomba kuba mucyongereza cyangwa verisiyo yubusobanuro yemewe);
• Amazina yatanzwe;
• Imari shingiro yatanzwe hamwe nigiciro cyimigabane.

Sangira Igishoro:

Umugabane Mugabane urashobora gutangwa mumafaranga ayo ari yo yose. Ibisanzwe byibuze byatanzwe ni 1 HKD naho ibisanzwe byemewe ni 10,000 HKD.

Itegeko rishya ryamasosiyete ryakuyeho igitekerezo cyagaciro kangana, hakurikijwe itegeko rya kera ryamasosiyete, imigabane yamasosiyete ifite agaciro kangana (agaciro kizina), igereranya igiciro gito iyo migabane ishobora gutangwa muri rusange. Igikorwa gishya cyemeza uburyo bwo kutagira agaciro k’imigabane ikoreshwa ku migabane yose y’amasosiyete yashinzwe na Hong Kong.

Ibyiciro by'imigabane Byemewe: Imigabane isanzwe, imigabane ikunzwe, imigabane ishobora kugurishwa hamwe nimigabane ifite cyangwa idafite uburenganzira bwo gutora, hashingiwe ku ngingo z’ishyirahamwe.

Imigabane yabatwaye ntabwo yemerewe.

Umuyobozi:

Harasabwa umuyobozi umwe gusa, ariko byibuze umuntu 1 karemano kandi nta mbogamizi zibuza ubwenegihugu kandi ntagisabwa inama zinama zizabera muri Hong Kong.

Umunyamigabane:

Gusa umunyamigabane arasabwa kandi inama zabanyamigabane ntabwo zigomba kubera muri Hong Kong. Abanyamigabane ba Nominee baremewe kandi kutamenyekana birashobora kugerwaho hakoreshejwe serivise yabanyamigabane bacu.

Nyir'inyungu:

Itegeko rivugurura ry’amasosiyete 2018, risaba ibigo byose byinjijwe muri Hong Kong kubika amakuru agezweho ya nyirayo, binyuze muburyo bwo kubika igitabo gikomeye.

Isosiyete ya Hong Kong Chop / Ikirango:

Ikirango cy'isosiyete, cyitwa "sosiyete chop" muri Hong Kong ni itegeko ku masosiyete ya Hong Kong.

Umusoro:

Hong Kong ni ahantu hihariye ho gushinga amasosiyete no mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga kuva gahunda y’imisoro ishingiye ku nkomoko ntabwo ishingiye ku gutura. Igihe cyose isosiyete ya Hong Kong idakora ubucuruzi ubwo aribwo bwose muri Hong Kong, kandi ikaba itinjiza amafaranga ava mu isoko rya Hong Kong, isosiyete ntizasoreshwa muri Hong Kong.

Umwaka w'isuzuma utangira cyangwa nyuma ya 1 Mata 2018, umusoro ku nyungu usoreshwa ku kigo:

Imikoreshereze y’imari:

Buri mwaka, isosiyete igomba gutanga imenyekanisha ryumwaka. Kwiyandikisha kw'amasosiyete bigenda birushaho kuba maso kubijyanye no gutanga buri mwaka, kandi ibihano bikurikizwa gutinda.

Intumwa zaho:

Isosiyete ya Hong Kong igomba kugira umunyamabanga w’isosiyete ushobora kuba umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa isosiyete nto. Niba umunyamabanga ari umuntu ku giti cye, bagomba kuba muri Hong Kong. Niba umunyamabanga ari isosiyete, ibiro byayo byanditse bigomba kuba muri Hong Kong.

Amasezerano abiri yo gusoresha:

• Hong Kong yagiranye amasezerano yuzuye yo gusoresha inshuro ebyiri / Gutegura (DTAs) hamwe nububasha butandukanye. DTAs nayo yitwa amasezerano yimisoro. Bakumira imisoro ibiri no kunyereza imari, kandi batezimbere ubufatanye hagati ya Hong Kong nizindi nzego mpuzamahanga zishinzwe imisoro bakurikiza amategeko y’imisoro.
• Hong Kong ifite amasezerano y’imisoro ibiri n’ibihugu bya Aziya n’Uburayi.
• Ishami ry’imisoro n’imbere muri Hong Kong ryemerera kugabanyirizwa imisoro y’amahanga yishyuwe ku bicuruzwa bijyanye n’amafaranga nayo atangirwa umusoro muri Hong Kong.

Amafaranga y'uruhushya & Levy:

Umuntu, ushaka gushinga sosiyete nshya muri Hong Kong, akeneye kwishyura ubwoko bubiri bwamafaranga ya leta. Aya mafaranga aterwa namategeko ya leta ya Hong kong kandi ntidushobora kuyahindura.

Amafaranga yo Kwiyandikisha mu bucuruzi, kuri ubu HK $ 2250 ku munsi yatangiriyeho hanyuma buri mwaka ku isabukuru yo gushingwa. (Gahunda idasanzwe yo kugabanyirizwa imisoro na HKSAR itangwa ku ya 1 Mata 2016 cyangwa nyuma yayo; Amafaranga yo kwiyandikisha muri buri sosiyete ni HK $ 2250).

Soma birambuye:

• Uruhushya rwubucuruzi Hong Kong
• Kwiyandikisha ku bicuruzwa bya Hong Kong

Kwishura, Itariki yo gutaha Isosiyete Itariki:

• Mbere yo kuvugurura buri mwaka isosiyete yawe, One IBC Limited izaguhamagara kugirango ukusanye ibyemezo bya banki yikigo nizindi nyandiko zishyigikira kandi utegure konti nubugenzuzi kugirango ukemure imenyekanisha ryimisoro no gutanga PTR (Inyungu yumusoro ku nyungu) na ER (Garuka Umukoresha) hamwe n'abayobozi ba Hong Kong. Inyungu Umusoro ku nyungu ugomba, nkuko bisanzwe, ugomba gutangwa mugihe cyukwezi uhereye umunsi batangiriye. Niba imenyekanisha ry'umusoro ridatanzwe ku gihe cyagenwe, rifatwa nk'icyaha, kandi rizahanishwa leta.
• Ibigo byose bigomba kuvugurura ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu ishami ry’imisoro n’imbere mu gihugu (IRD) buri mwaka kandi birasabwa gutanga konti yagenzuwe na IRD buri mwaka.

Kugarura Isosiyete

Turashobora kugarura isosiyete yawe ya Hong Kong iyo ihagaritse kwiyandikisha kwamasosiyete ya Hong Kong. Amasosiyete yahagaritswe asubizwa mu buryo bwikora iyo yishyuye amafaranga yimpushya zidasanzwe, ibihano n’amafaranga ya leta yo gusana.

Isosiyete yawe ya Hong Kong imaze gusubizwa mubitabo bifatwa nkaho itigeze isezererwa kandi ifatwa nkaho ikomeza kubaho.