Switzerland

Switzerland ƙasa ce ta Tsakiya ta Tsakiya, gida mai yawa tabkuna, ƙauyuka da manyan tsaunuka na tsaunukan Alps. Kasar tana cikin Yammacin-Tsakiyar Turai.

Switzerland, bisa hukuma ita ce Tarayyar Switzerland, ita ce jamhuriya ta tarayya a Turai. Ya ƙunshi yankuna 26, kuma garin Bern shine mazaunin hukumomin tarayya.

Jimlar yankin Switzerland shine 41, 285 km2

Yawan jama'a

Yawan mutanen Switzerland kusan sama da mutane miliyan takwas sun fi mayar da hankali ne a kan tudu, inda za a sami manyan biranen: daga cikinsu akwai biranen duniya biyu da cibiyoyin tattalin arziki Zürich da Geneva.

Harshe

Switzerland tana da yarukan hukuma huɗu: musamman Jamusanci (kashi 63.5 cikin ɗari na yawan jama'a) a gabashin, arewacin da yankin Jamusanci na tsakiya (Deutschschweiz); Faransanci (22.5%) a ɓangaren Faransa na yamma (la Romandie); Italiyanci (8.1%) a yankin kudancin Italiyanci (Svizzera italiana); da Romansh (0.5%) a kudu maso gabas yankin can uku-uku na Graubünden.

Wajibi ne ga gwamnatin tarayya ta sadarwa a cikin yarukan hukuma, kuma a majalisar dokoki ta tarayya ana bayar da fassara iri ɗaya daga da zuwa Jamusanci, Faransanci, da Italiyanci.

Switzerland ta ƙunshi jihar tarayya da ƙananan hukumomi 26, waɗanda suke mambobi ne na tarayyar. An raba nauyi na siyasa da na mulki tsakanin matakan gwamnatin tarayya, na kananan hukumomi da na birni. Kowace lardin yana da kundin tsarin mulkin sa, kundin tsarin mulkin jama'a da majalisar wakilai.

Akwai manyan hukumomi guda uku a matakin tarayya: majalisar wakilai biyu (majalisa), majalisar tarayya (zartarwa) da kotun tarayya (bangaren shari'a).

Ikon yin doka a Majalisar Tarayya ya kasance ne ga Majalisar Tarayya kuma majalisun Tarayya biyu na Tarayyar Switzerland da Switzerland sun zama karko kuma amintaccen yanayin siyasa.

Yana zaune a tsakiyar Turai, Switzerland tana da kusancin alaƙar tattalin arziki da EU kuma galibi tana dacewa da ayyukan tattalin arzikin EU, duk da cewa ba memba ɗin EU bane. Switzerland memba ce ta OECD, Kungiyar Ciniki ta Duniya (WTO) da Tradeungiyar Kasuwanci ta Europeanasashen Turai. Tana da yarjejeniyar kasuwanci kyauta tare da EU.

Switzerland tana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashe masu ci gaba a duniya. Switzerland tana matsayi ko kusa da saman duniya a cikin ma'auni da yawa na ayyukan ƙasa, gami da nuna gaskiya na gwamnati, 'yancin jama'a, ingancin rayuwa, gasar tattalin arziki, da ci gaban ɗan adam.

Kudin

Swiss franc (CHF)

Musayar Sarrafawa

Switzerland ba ta da ikon canjin kudaden waje.

Babu bambanci tsakanin asusun mazaunin da ba na ƙasa, kuma babu iyakance akan aro daga ƙasashen waje. Hakanan, ana ba da izinin lamuni na gida ta kamfanonin sarrafawa daga ƙasashen waje daga bankuna da kamfanoni masu alaƙa (ko alaƙa) da yardar kaina.

Masana'antar harkokin kudi

Tsarin banki na Switzerland ya kasance cikin mafi karfi a duniya, yana ci gaba ta hanyar ci gaba da ƙoƙari don daidaitawa da yanayin kasuwa da kuma ta hanyar kuɗi - Swiss franc - wanda gabaɗaya ya daidaita.

Bankunan Switzerland suna da alhakin ayyukansu na ba da rance, waɗanda Hukumar Kula da Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Switzerland (FINMA) ke kulawa.

Switzerland ta yi alƙawarin aiwatar da musayar bayanan asusun ajiyar kuɗi ta atomatik bisa ga Commona'idar Rahoto ta gama gari ta OECD (CRS).

Zurich ita ce babbar cibiyar kasuwancin Switzerland, kuma Geneva tana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman cibiyoyi na duniya don banki mai zaman kansa.

Kara karantawa:

• Asusun banki na waje
• Asusun 'yan kasuwa Switzerland

Nau'in Kamfanin / Kamfanin a Switzerland

Muna ba da Sabis ɗin Haɗin Gwiwar Switzerland tare da nau'in Kamfanin Iyakantaccen Iyakin Dogara (GmbH).

Restuntatawar Kasuwanci

Duk kamfanonin da ke kasuwanci a Switzerland dole ne su yi rajista a cikin Rijistar Kasuwancin gundumar inda ofishin rajistar su ko wurin kasuwancin su yake. A Switzerland, businessungiyoyin kasuwanci suna ƙarƙashin Dokar Tarayya, wacce aka rubuta a cikin “Lambobin ƙididdiga Codean Dokar” kuma, sai dai in an ba da lasisin da ya dace, kamfani da aka kafa a Switzerland ba zai iya gudanar da kasuwancin banki, inshora, tabbaci, sake ba da tallafi, gudanar da asusu, tsarin haɗin gwiwa ba. , ko duk wani aikin da zai ba da shawarar haɗin gwiwa tare da masana'antar banki ko harkar kuɗi.

Restuntata Sunan Kamfanin

Dole ne sunan kamfanin ya ƙare da GmbH ko Ltd liab.Co. Zamu bincika kasancewar sunan kamfanin da kuka gabatar. Sunayen kamfanonin Switzerland kada su yi kama da kowane sunan kamfanin da ke rajista tare da rajistar Kasuwancin Tarayyar Switzerland.

Bayanin Kamfanin Kamfanin

Bayan darektan haɗin gwiwa da rajistar masu hannun jari dole ne a shigar da su a Rijistar Kasuwanci, amma ba su da damar bincika jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan rajista ba dole ba ne a ci gaba da su tare da kowane canje-canje na gaba ga daraktocin kamfanin ko rajista.

Duk GmbH yana buƙatar bayyanawa masu hannun jarinsa a fili.

Kawai 4 matakai masu sauki aka basu don Hada Kamfani a Switzerland:

• Mataki na 1: Zaɓi bayanan asalin ƙasar / Mai kafa da sauran ƙarin sabis ɗin da kuke so (idan akwai).
• Mataki 2: Yi rijista ko shiga kuma cika sunayen kamfanin da darakta / masu hannun jari (s) kuma cika adireshin biyan kuɗi da buƙata ta musamman (idan akwai).
• Mataki na 3: Zabi hanyar biyan ku (Mun karɓi biyan kuɗi ta Kredit / Debit Card, PayPal ko Canja wurin Waya).
• Mataki na 4: Za ku karɓi kwafi masu taushi na takaddun da suka dace waɗanda suka haɗa da: Takaddar Kamfanoni, Rijistar Kasuwanci, Memorandum da Labaran Associationungiyar, da sauransu .Saboda haka, sabon kamfanin ku a cikin Switzerland ya shirya don kasuwanci. Kuna iya kawo takaddun a cikin kayan kamfanin don buɗe asusun banki na kamfanoni ko za mu iya taimaka muku da dogon kwarewarmu na sabis na tallafi na Banki.

* Wadannan takaddun da ake buƙata don haɗa kamfani a Switzerland:

• Fasfo na kowane mai mallaka / mai amfani da darekta;
• Tabbacin adireshin zama na kowane darekta da mai hannun jari (Dole ne ya kasance cikin Turanci ko ingantaccen sigar fassarar);
• Sunayen kamfanin da aka gabatar;
• Babban kuɗin da aka bayar da ƙimar hannun jari.

Kara karantawa:

• Yi rijistar kamfani a Switzerland
• Kudin yin rijistar kamfani a Switzerland

Babban birni

Mafi qarancin hannun jari ga aarancin kamfanin abin alhaki kuma mafi qarancin abin da aka biya (GmbH) shine CHF 20,000. Ominalimar sunan hannun jari shine mafi ƙarancin CHF 100.

Raba

Tare da hannun jari na yau da kullun. Ba a ba da izinin hannun jari ba.

Darakta

Mafi qarancin ɗayan darektan dole ne ya kasance yana zaune a Switzerland. Ana buƙatar kamfanin ya nada aƙalla ɗayan daraktocin dole ne ya sami Daraktan cikin gida wanda ke zaune a Switzerland, ko kuma ɗan ƙasar Switzerland.

Idan ba za ku iya samar da Daraktan Yanki daga ɓangarenku ba, Zamu iya amfani da sabis ɗinmu don biyan wannan ƙa'idar doka tare da gwamnati.

Mai hannun jari

Akalla mai hannun jari daya. Babu takunkumi game da ƙasa ko gidan masu hannun jarin.

Mai Amfani Mai Amfani

Bayanin Mai Amfani mai amfani da mai amfani mai amfani ya buƙaci a samar dashi don haɗuwa a Switzerland.

Haraji

Switzerland tana jin daɗin haraji sosai - ingantacce, amma tsarin kula da kamfani mai mutunci, cikakke ga motocin iyayen duniya da kamfanonin riƙe IP.

Tare da tsarin haraji mai ban sha'awa, ana amfani da kamfanonin Switzerland sau da yawa kuma suma alama ce ta daraja. Tsarin harajin Switzerland an tsara shi da tsarin tarayyar kasar. Ana biyan kamfanoni da mutane haraji a matakai daban-daban a Switzerland:

• matakin ƙasa (harajin tarayya)
• matakin cantonal (harajin cantonal)
• matakin gama gari (harajin gari)

Ana karɓar harajin kamfanoni a matakin tarayya a farashi mai sauƙi na 8.5% akan riba bayan haraji. Ana cire harajin kudin shiga na kamfanoni don dalilan haraji kuma yana rage asalin harajin da ake amfani dashi, wanda ke haifar da yawan haraji akan riba kafin harajin 7.8%. Babu harajin babban kamfani da aka ɗora a matakin tarayya.

Kamfanonin da ba mazauna ba suna ƙarƙashin harajin kamfanoni akan kudin shiga da aka samar a Switzerland idan

• i) abokan haɗin kasuwancin Switzerland ne
• ii) suna da kamfanoni ko rassa na dindindin a Switzerland
• iii) mallaki dukiyar gida.

Bayanin kudi

Gabaɗaya, kamfanonin da aka haɗa a cikin Switzerland ba a buƙatar su gabatar da bayanan kuɗi na shekara-shekara. Banda wannan ga wasu nau'ikan kamfani ne, kamar bankuna, cibiyoyin kuɗi, kamfanonin da aka tallata jama'a. Ga waɗannan kamfanonin dole ne a gabatar da bayanan kuɗaɗe tsakanin watanni shida bayan ƙarshen lokacin rahoton.

Wakilin gida

Kamfanin ku yana buƙatar samun sakataren kamfanin kuma ba a buƙatar gida ko ƙwarewa ba, amma bayar da shawarar na gida.

Yarjejeniyar Haraji Biyu

Switzerland ta sanya hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Haraji sau biyu 53 bisa ga tsarin kasa da kasa, wanda 46 ke aiki, da kuma Yarjejeniyar musayar Bayani ta Haraji 10, wanda 7 ke aiki tun daga Nuwamba Nuwamba 2015.

Kudin Lasisin & Haraji

Gudummawar babban birni a cikin wani kamfanin mazaunin Switzerland yana ƙarƙashin aikin bayar da kuɗin Switzerland na 1% a kan adadin gudummawar da ya wuce CHF 1 miliyan babban birnin tarayya (ana keɓance wasu keɓaɓɓu, kamar a batun sake fasalin tsarin, ko gudummawar mahalarta ko na kasuwanci ko na kasuwanci), kuma akwai rijista na kasuwanci / notary fee.

Kara karantawa: Rijistar alamar kasuwanci ta Switzerland

Biya, Ranar dawowa Kamfani Kwanan wata

Shekarar haraji gaba ɗaya ita ce shekarar kalanda, sai dai idan kamfani yayi amfani da shekarar kuɗi daban. Ana tantance harajin samun kudin shiga na tarayya da na lardin / gama gari kowace shekara akan kudin shiga na wannan shekarar.

Akwai hada bayanan dawo da biyan haraji duka na haraji na tarayya da na cantonal / gama gari. Ana amfani da tsarin ƙididdigar kai. Harajin kuɗin shiga na Tarayya dole ne a biya shi zuwa 31 Maris na shekara ta shekara ta haraji; kwanan watan biyan kuɗin cantonal / harajin samun kuɗin shiga na gari ya banbanta a cikin ƙananan hukumomin.

Kamfanoni dole ne su gabatar da asusun ajiyar kuɗi na yanzu da na shekarar da ta gabata ga babban taron na masu hannun jari. Kamfanoni da aka jera a kan musayar hannun jari ko kuma tare da batutuwan haɗin gwiwa dole ne su buga asusun shekara-shekara da kuma ingantattu waɗanda aka amince da su ta babban taron shekara-shekara da rahoton masu binciken a cikin Jaridar Kasuwancin Switzerland, ko kuma dole ne su ba da irin wannan bayanin idan aka buƙata.

Dole ne kamfanin zama na Switzerland ya tabbatar da cewa ana gudanar da babban taron shekara-shekara (AGM) a tsakanin watanni 6 na ƙarshen shekara;

Kamfanonin mazaunan Switzerland dole ne su biya harajin albashi ga ma'aikatan baƙi waɗanda ba su da mazaunin zama na dindindin a cikin ƙasar.