FDI ku Vietnam - Investment Ikupita Kuti?

Kulimbikitsidwa ndi kukula kosalekeza, Vietnam ikupitilizabe kukopa ndalama zakunja zakunja (FDI). Zomwe zaposachedwa kuchokera ku Foreign Investment Agency (FIA) zikuwonetsa kuti FDI ku Vietnam m'miyezi isanu yoyambirira yachaka idakwanitsa zaka US $ 16.74 biliyoni.

Pafupifupi 1,363 ntchito zatsopano zidapatsidwa chilolezo ndi ndalama zonse zolembedwa za US $ 6.46 biliyoni mu Januware - Meyi, zikukwera 38.7 peresenti motsutsana ndi nthawi yomweyo chaka chatha.

Mwa magawo 19 omwe amalandira ndalama, kupanga ndi kukonza zidabwera ndi US $ 10.5 biliyoni, kuwerengera 72% ya FDI yonse. Izi zidatsatiridwa ndi kugulitsa malo ku US $ 1.1 biliyoni kenako ndikugulitsa ndi kugulitsa ndi US $ 742.7 miliyoni. Ndalama zimayendetsedwa makamaka ndi nkhondo yamalonda yaku US-China.

Izi, kuphatikiza kuphatikiza kwaposachedwa kwa Mgwirizano Wonse ndi Kupita Patsogolo kwa Mgwirizano pakati pa Trans-Pacific (CPTPP) ndi EU ndi Vietnam FTA (EVFTA) zipereka mwayi waukulu kwa ndalama zomwe zatuluka ndikutuluka pazaka zingapo zikubwerazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, zikuwoneka kuti Vietnam ipitilizabe kukonza malamulo ake kuti azitsatira poyera zomwe zatsimikizidwa ndi izi, makamaka pokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha Intellectual Property Rights (IPR).

Zowonjezera zosinthira ndalama

Maiko aku Asia akuyimira gawo lamkango la FDI ku Vietnam.

Hong Kong ikutsogolera ndalama zonse za FDI ku US $ 5.08 biliyoni, kuwerengera 30.4% yazachuma chonse m'miyezi isanu yoyambirira ya chaka. South Korea ndi Singapore amabwera wachiwiri ndi wachitatu, kenako China ndi Japan.

Chofunika kudziwa ndi chakuti China yakhala ikuwonjezera ndalama zake ku Vietnam mwachangu. Kwa zaka zambiri, wakhala wogulitsa chuma chachisanu ndi chiwiri ku Vietnam. Mu 2018, idafika pachisanu ndipo tsopano ndi yachinayi.

Hanoi idasungabe dzina lake kukhala malo osangalatsa kwambiri kwa osunga ndalama akunja omwe ali ndi $ 2.78 biliyoni ya FDI yolembetsa kapena 16,6%. Izi zikutsatiridwa ndi chigawo cha Binh Duong pa US $ 1.25 biliyoni.

North Vietnam ikuphatikiza mwachangu malo ake opangira zida zamagetsi zamagetsi komanso katundu wambiri, chifukwa chakupezeka kwa mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi monga Samsung, Canon, ndi Foxconn komanso makampani opanga magalimoto (wopanga magalimoto woyamba waku Vietnam Vingroup adakhazikitsa fakitale yake ku Haiphong komaliza year), zomwe zikulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zodalirika m'derali.

Doko loyambira kunyanja yaku North Vietnam, doko la Lach Huyen, lidatsegula malo ake awiri oyamba, omwe amatha kukhala ndi zombo zazikulu - motero amapewa kupita ku Hong Kong ndi Singapore pamaulendo apadziko lonse lapansi, ndikupulumutsa pafupifupi sabata limodzi.

Binh Duong ndi Ho Chi Minh City, ku South Vietnam, ndi malo opangira mafakitale, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri nsalu, zikopa, nsapato, makina, magetsi ndi zamagetsi, komanso kukonza nkhuni.

South Vietnam yakhalanso malo opangira ntchito zopangira mphamvu zamagetsi, makamaka malo opangira mphamvu ya dzuwa. M'tsogolomu, pomwe dera lakumwera lipitilizabe kukopa, ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dzuwa zikuyembekezeka kuti zisunthire pang'onopang'ono komanso madera akumpoto.

Munthawi ya Jan-Meyi, mabungwe omwe amagulitsa ndalama zakunja adatulutsa US $ 70.4 biliyoni kuchokera kumayiko akunja - chiwonjezeko cha 5% pachaka ndi chaka chomwe chimapangitsa 70% ya chiwongola dzanja chonse chakunja. Kuyambira pa Meyi 20, panali ntchito 28,632 za FDI zokhala ndi ndalama zonse zolembetsa za US $ 350.5 biliyoni.

Kuchulukitsa kutumizidwa ku US

Nkhondo yaku US-China ikamachitika, Vietnam yakhala imodzi mwazomwe zikukula mwachangu kwambiri zogulitsa ku America kotala yoyamba ya chaka. Izi zikapitilira, Vietnam ikhoza kupitilira UK ngati imodzi mwamagulitsa akuluakulu ku US, malinga ndi Bloomberg.

Magawo atatu apamwamba omwe alandila FDI

Malinga ndi lipoti la FIA, kupanga ndi kukonza, kugulitsa nyumba, kugulitsa ndi kugulitsa ndi magawo atatu apamwamba a FDI ku Vietnam.

Kupanga ndi kukonza

Kupanga ndi kukonza kukupitilizabe kuwerengera gawo lalikulu la FDI.

Unduna wa Zamalonda ku Vietnam umawona kuti kuthandizira ntchitoyi ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbikitsa chitukuko cha zachuma. Boma likufuna kukonzanso makampaniwa kuti athandizire kupanga zoweta ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwakomweko.

Akatswiri pankhani zamakampani akuti Vietnam yapindula chifukwa cha makampani omwe amasamukira ku Vietnam chifukwa mitengo ku China idayamba kukwera. Nkhondo yamalonda yaku US-China yafulumizitsa ntchitoyi.

Nyumba ndi zomangidwa

Msika wogulitsa nyumba ku Vietnam, monga zaka zam'mbuyomu, ukupitilizabe kukopa ogulitsa akunja ndi akunja. Kuchulukitsa kwa zokopa alendo, ndi ntchito zazikuluzikulu zomangamanga, monga ntchito za metro za Hanoi ndi Ho Chi Minh, zikuyembekezeredwanso kukakamiza kufunafuna malo ogulitsa nyumba.

Kugulitsa ndi kugulitsa

Vietnam ndi imodzi mwamagulu apakatikati omwe akukula kwambiri mderalo, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwakukulu pamalonda ndi ogulitsa. Anthu ake apakati akuyembekezeka kufikira 33 miliyoni pofika 2020, mpaka 12 miliyoni kuyambira 2012.

Kukula kwa Vietnam kupitilira FDI

Vietnam ikuyembekezeka kupitiliza kusunga ndalama zamphamvu za FDI. Dzikoli lakhala likukopa FDI m'magawo onse, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale logwirira ntchito kwa osunga ndalama. Vuto lake lidzakhala kuyang'anira kukula kwake mosamala komanso kusintha kwa maboma.

Werengani zambiri

• Kuwongolera kophatikizira kampani ku Vietnam
• Kulembetsa kampani ku Vietnam